Well, this was my silly mistake as I put the post_types inside the fields array. I moved it out and it worked perfectly. Feel free to delete this question or mark it as solved with the corrected code below! On to tabs...
add_filter('rwmb_meta_boxes', 'career_data');
function career_data($meta_boxes) {
$meta_boxes[] = [
'title' => 'Career Data',
'fields' => [
[
'id' => 'career_data',
'name' => 'Wages',
'type' => 'wysiwyg',
//'visible' => [ 'post_type', 'career' ],
],
],
'post_types' => ['career'],
];
return $meta_boxes;
}